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Hou, Q., Wang, M., Wu, S., Ma, X., An, G., Liu, H., et al. (2015). Oxidative changes and apoptosis induced by 1800-MHz electromagnetic radiation in NIH/3T3 cells. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 34, 85–92.
Keywords: 1800-mhz; apoptosis; dna damage; mobile; phone radiation; ros
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Koyama, S., Narita, E., Suzuki, Y., Taki, M., Shinohara, N., & Miyakoshi, J. (2015). Effect of a 2.45-GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field on neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis in differentiated human HL-60 cells. Journal of radiation research, 56, 30–36.
Keywords: chemotaxis; immune response; neutrophil; phagocytosis; radiofrequency; rf
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Li, C., Chen, Z., Yang, L., Lv, B., Liu, J., Varsier, N., et al. (2015). Generation of infant anatomical models for evaluating electromagnetic field exposures. Bioelectromagnetics, 36(1), 10–26.
Abstract: Realistic anatomical modeling is essential in analyzing human exposure to electromagnetic fields. Infants have significant physical and anatomical differences compared with other age groups. However, few realistic infant models are available. In this work, we developed one 12-month-old male whole body model and one 17-month-old male head model from magnetic resonance images. The whole body and head models contained 28 and 30 tissues, respectively, at spatial resolution of 1 mm x 1 mm x 1 mm. Fewer identified tissues in the whole body model were a result of the low original image quality induced by the fast imaging sequence. The anatomical and physical parameters of the models were validated against findings in published literature (e.g., a maximum deviation as 18% in tissue mass was observed compared with the data from International Commission on Radiological Protection). Several typical exposure scenarios were realized for numerical simulation. Dosimetric comparison with various adult and child anatomical models was conducted. Significant differences in the physical and anatomical features between adult and child models demonstrated the importance of creating realistic infant models. Current safety guidelines for infant exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields may not be conservative. Bioelectromagnetics. 35:10-26, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Keywords: electromagnetic fields exposure; finite-difference time-domain; magnetic resonance; reconstruction; segmentation
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Masoudian, N., Riazi, G. H., Afrasiabi, A., Modaresi, S. M. S., Dadras, A., Rafiei, S., et al. (2015). Variations of Glutamate Concentration Within Synaptic Cleft in the Presence of Electromagnetic Fields: An Artificial Neural Networks Study. Neurochemical research, .
Abstract: Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that is released by the majority of central nervous system synapses and is involved in developmental processes, cognitive functions, learning and memory. Excessive elevated concentrations of Glu in synaptic cleft results in neural cell apoptosis which is called excitotoxicity causing neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, we investigated the possibility of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) as a risk factor which is able to change Glu concentration in synaptic clef. Synaptosomes as a model of nervous terminal were exposed to ELF-EMF for 15-55 min in flux intensity range from 0.1 to 2 mT and frequency range from 50 to 230 Hz. Finally, all raw data by INForm v4.02 software as an artificial neural network program was analyzed to predict the effect of whole mentioned range spectra. The results showed the tolerance of all effects between the ranges from -35 to +40 % compared to normal state when glutamatergic systems exposed to ELF-EMF. It indicates that glutamatergic system attempts to compensate environmental changes though release or reuptake in order to keep the system safe. Regarding to the wide range of ELF-EMF acquired in this study, the obtained outcomes have potential for developing treatments based on ELF-EMF for some neurological diseases; however, in vivo experiments on the cross linking responses between glutamatergic and cholinergic systems in the presence of ELF-EMF would be needed.
Keywords: anns; glutamate á excitotoxicity á; hplc; neural networks; neurodegenerative diseases á elf-emf; performance liquid chromatography; á artificial; á high
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Messiha, H. L., Wongnate, T., Chaiyen, P., Jones, A. R., & Scrutton, N. S. (2015). Magnetic field effects as a result of the radical pair mechanism are unlikely in redox enzymes. Journal of the Royal Society, Interface / the Royal Society, 12, 20141155.
Abstract: Environmental exposure to electromagnetic fields is potentially carcinogenic. The radical pair mechanism is considered the most feasible mechanism of interaction between weak magnetic fields encountered in our environment and biochemical systems. Radicals are abundant in biology, both as free radicals and reaction intermediates in enzyme mechanisms. The catalytic cycles of some flavin-dependent enzymes are either known or potentially involve radical pairs. Here, we have investigated the magnetic field sensitivity of a number of flavoenzymes with important cellular roles. We also investigated the magnetic field sensitivity of a model system involving stepwise reduction of a flavin analogue by a nicotinamide analogue-a reaction known to proceed via a radical pair. Under the experimental conditions used, magnetic field sensitivity was not observed in the reaction kinetics from stopped-flow measurements in any of the systems studied. Although widely implicated in radical pair chemistry, we conclude that thermally driven, flavoenzyme-catalysed reactions are unlikely to be influenced by exposure to external magnetic fields.
Keywords: biochemistry; biophysics
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