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Author |
Koh, E.K.; Ryu, B.-K.; Jeong, D.-Y.; Bang, I.-S.; Nam, M.H.; Chae, K.-S. |
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Title  |
A 60-Hz sinusoidal magnetic field induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells through reactive oxygen species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
International Journal of Radiation Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Radiat Biol |
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Volume |
84 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
945-955 |
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Keywords |
Apoptosis/*radiation effects; Autocrine Communication/radiation effects; Cell Cycle/radiation effects; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation/radiation effects; Humans; *Magnetics; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms/*metabolism/*pathology; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism; Time Factors |
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Abstract |
PURPOSE: To explore the effects of power frequency magnetic fields (MF) on cell growth in prostate cancer, DU145, PC3, and LNCaP cells were examined in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cells were exposed to various intensities and durations of 60-Hz sinusoidal MF in combination with various serum concentrations in the media. To analyze MF effects on cell growth, cell counting, trypan blue exclusion assay, Western blot analysis, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), fluorescence microscopy, and spectrofluorometry were used. RESULTS: MF exposure induced significant cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in an intensity- and time-dependent manner, in which cell cycle arrest, cleaved Caspase-3, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased. Pretreatment with a Caspase-3 inhibitor or antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), significantly attenuated MF-induced cell growth inhibition and cell death. Media replacement experiments failed to show any notable change in the MF effects. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate 60-Hz sinusoidal MF-activated cell growth inhibition of prostate cancer in vitro. Apoptosis together with cell cycle arrest were the dominant causes of the MF-elicited cell growth inhibition, mediated by MF-induced ROS. These results suggest that a possibility of using 60-Hz MF in radiation therapy of prostate cancer could usefully be investigated. |
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Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea |
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0955-3002 |
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PMID:19016143 |
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Call Number |
IT'IS @ evaj @ |
Serial |
339 |
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Author |
Santini, M.T.; Ferrante, A.; Romano, R.; Rainaldi, G.; Motta, A.; Donelli, G.; Vecchia, P.; Indovina, P.L. |
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Title |
A 700 MHz 1H-NMR study reveals apoptosis-like behavior in human K562 erythroleukemic cells exposed to a 50 Hz sinusoidal magnetic field |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
International Journal of Radiation Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Radiat Biol |
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Volume |
81 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
97-113 |
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Keywords |
Apoptosis/*radiation effects; Cell Proliferation/radiation effects; Cell Survival/radiation effects; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electricity/*adverse effects; Electromagnetic Fields/*adverse effects; Humans; K562 Cells; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/*diagnostic use; Protons; Tumor Markers, Biological/*analysis |
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Abstract |
PURPOSE: To study cell damage and possible apoptosis in K562 human erythroleukemic cells exposed for 2 h to an extremely low frequency (ELF) 50 Hz sinusoidal magnetic field with a magnetic induction of either 1 or 5 mT using high resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-dimensional 1H-NMR spectra were obtained on whole K562 cells and perchloric acid extracts of these cells. In addition, two-dimensional 1H-NMR spectra were also acquired. Cell damage was examined by lactate dehydrogenase release and changes in cell growth were monitored by growth curve analyses, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and Ki67 antigen localization. Cell death (necrosis and apoptosis) were also studied by using the chromatin dye Hoechst 33258. RESULTS: The variations in numerous metabolites observed with 1H-NMR reveal apoptosis-like behavior in response of K562 cells to ELF fields. CONCLUSION: 1H-NMR can be extremely useful in studying the effects of ELF fields on cells. In particular, the variations in metabolites which suggest apoptosis-like behavior occur when the cells are not identifiable as apoptotic by more traditional techniques. |
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Dipartimento di Ematologia, Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. santini@iss.it |
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0955-3002 |
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PMID:16019920 |
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Call Number |
IT'IS @ evaj @ |
Serial |
397 |
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Author |
Baum, A.; Mevissen, M.; Kamino, K.; Mohr, U.; Loscher, W. |
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Title |
A histopathological study on alterations in DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats with 50 Hz, 100 muT magnetic field exposure |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Carcinogenesis |
Abbreviated Journal |
Carcinogenesis |
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16 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
119-125 |
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Keywords |
*9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Animals; Behavior, Animal/drug effects; *Cocarcinogenesis; Electromagnetic Fields/*adverse effects; Female; Hyperplasia/chemically induced/etiology; Magnetics/*adverse effects; Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects/pathology; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced/*etiology/*pathology; Methylnitrosourea; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley |
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Several epidemiological studies have indicated that residential or occupational exposure to 50 or 60 Hz magnetic fields (MF) may increase the risk of breast cancer, possibly by suppression of pineal production of the oncostatic hormone melatonin. In view of the methodological problems of epidemiological studies on MF exposure and cancer risk, laboratory studies are needed to determine whether 50/60 Hz exposure can initiate, promote or copromote mammary cancer. In the present study, 216 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Two of the groups (with 99 animals each) received oral applications of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and were either sham-exposed or exposed in a 50 Hz, 100 muT MF for 24 h/day 7 days/week for a period of 91 days. The other two groups (nine animals each) were either sham-exposed or MF-exposed without DMBA treatment. The exposure chambers and all other environmental factors were identical for MF-exposed and sham-exposed animals. At the end of the 3 month period of MF exposure, all rats were used for histopathological diagnosis of lesions. At the time of necropsy, significantly more MF-exposed DMBA-treated rats exhibited macroscopically visible mammary tumours than DMBA-treated controls. Furthermore, the size of mammary tumours was significantly larger in MF-exposed rats. Histopathological examination of the mammary gland showed that the number of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions did not significantly differ between groups, indicating that MF exposure had not altered the incidence of mammary lesions but had only accelerated tumour growth, consistent with a co-promoting effect. In the MF-exposed group, significantly more rats exhibited malignant mammary tumours than in controls, indicating that MF exposure had affected the progression of DMBA-induced lesions. The number of metastases of mammary tumours or of primary lesions in other organs in response to DMBA was not affected by MF exposure. In rats without DMBA application, no non-neoplastic or neoplastic lesions were determined. The data demonstrate that long-term exposure of DMBA-treated female rats promotes the growth and progression of mammary tumours, while tumour incidence is not affected, at least under the experimental conditions of the present study. The data thus add to the accumulating evidence that MF exposure exerts tumour co-promoting effects. |
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Institute of Experimental Pathology, Medical School Hannover, Germany |
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0143-3334 |
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WP6 In vivo |
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PMID:7834796 |
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Call Number |
ITEM @ geertje.lewin @ |
Serial |
141 |
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Author |
Guerra, P.A.; Gegear, R.J.; Reppert, S.M. |
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Title |
A magnetic compass aids monarch butterfly migration |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat Commun |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
4164 |
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Convincing evidence that migrant monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) use a magnetic compass to aid their fall migration has been lacking from the spectacular navigational capabilities of this species. Here we use flight simulator studies to show that migrants indeed possess an inclination magnetic compass to help direct their flight equatorward in the fall. The use of this inclination compass is light-dependent utilizing ultraviolet-A/blue light between 380 and 420 nm. Notably, the significance of light <420 nm for inclination compass function was not considered in previous monarch studies. The antennae are important for the inclination compass because they appear to contain light-sensitive magnetosensors. For migratory monarchs, the inclination compass may serve as an important orientation mechanism when directional daylight cues are unavailable and may also augment time-compensated sun compass orientation for appropriate directionality throughout the migration. |
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Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA |
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2041-1723 |
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PMID:24960099 |
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CBM.UAM @ ccobaleda @ |
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533 |
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Berndt, A.; Kottke, T.; Breitkreuz, H.; Dvorsky, R.; Hennig, S.; Alexander, M.; Wolf, E. |
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Title |
A novel photoreaction mechanism for the circadian blue light photoreceptor Drosophila cryptochrome |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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The Journal of Biological Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Biol Chem |
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282 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
13011-13021 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Cell Line; *Circadian Rhythm; Cryptochromes; DNA Repair; Deoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-Lyase/chemistry; Drosophila/chemistry/metabolism; Drosophila Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide/*chemistry/metabolism; Flavoproteins/*chemistry/metabolism; Oxidation-Reduction; Photochemistry; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/*chemistry/metabolism |
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Abstract |
Cryptochromes are flavoproteins that are evolutionary related to the DNA photolyases but lack DNA repair activity. Drosophila cryptochrome (dCRY) is a blue light photoreceptor that is involved in the synchronization of the circadian clock with the environmental light-dark cycle. Until now, spectroscopic and structural studies on this and other animal cryptochromes have largely been hampered by difficulties in their recombinant expression. We have therefore established an expression and purification scheme that enables us to purify mg amounts of monomeric dCRY from Sf21 insect cell cultures. Using UV-visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography, we show that insect cell-purified dCRY contains flavin adenine dinucleotide in its oxidized state (FAD(ox)) and residual amounts of methenyltetrahydrofolate. Upon blue light irradiation, dCRY undergoes a reversible absorption change, which is assigned to the conversion of FAD(ox) to the red anionic FAD(.) radical. Our findings lead us to propose a novel photoreaction mechanism for dCRY, in which FAD(ox) corresponds to the ground state, whereas the FAD(.) radical represents the light-activated state that mediates resetting of the Drosophila circadian clock. |
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Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany |
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0021-9258 |
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PMID:17298948 |
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Call Number |
IT'IS @ evaj @ |
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255 |
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