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Author |
Wei, J.; Sun, J.; Xu, H.; Shi, L.; Sun, L.; Zhang, J. |
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Title |
Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on intracellular calcium transients in cardiomyocytes |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Electromagnetic biology and medicine |
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8378 |
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1-8 |
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Keywords |
ca 2; cardiomyocyte; elf-emf; exchanger; na; sarcoplasmic; transients |
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Abstract |
Abstract Calcium transients play an essential role in cardiomyocytes and electromagnetic fields (EMF) and affect intracellular calcium levels in many types of cells. Effects of EMF on intracellular calcium transients in cardiomyocytes are not well studied. The aim of this study was to assess whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) could affect intracellular calcium transients in cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to rectangular-wave pulsed ELF-EMF at four different frequencies (15 Hz, 50 Hz, 75 Hz and 100 Hz) and at a flux density of 2 mT. Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) was measured using Fura-2/AM and spectrofluorometry. Perfusion of cardiomyocytes with a high concentration of caffeine (10 mM) was carried out to verify the function of the cardiac Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) and the activity of sarco(endo)-plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a). The results showed that ELF-EMF enhanced the activities of NCX and SERCA2a, increased [Ca(2+)]i baseline level and frequency of calcium transients in cardiomyocytes and decreased the amplitude of calcium transients and calcium level in sarcoplasmic reticulum. These results indicated that ELF-EMF can regulate calcium-associated activities in cardiomyocytes. |
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UNIBAS @ david.schuermann @ |
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610 |
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Mullighan, C.G. |
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Title |
The molecular genetic makeup of acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Hematology / the Education Program of the American Society of Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program |
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Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program |
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2012 |
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389-396 |
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Genomic profiling has transformed our understanding of the genetic basis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Recent years have seen a shift from microarray analysis and candidate gene sequencing to next-generation sequencing. Together, these approaches have shown that many ALL subtypes are characterized by constellations of structural rearrangements, submicroscopic DNA copy number alterations, and sequence mutations, several of which have clear implications for risk stratification and targeted therapeutic intervention. Mutations in genes regulating lymphoid development are a hallmark of ALL, and alterations of the lymphoid transcription factor gene IKZF1 (IKAROS) are associated with a high risk of treatment failure in B-ALL. Approximately 20% of B-ALL cases harbor genetic alterations that activate kinase signaling that may be amenable to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including rearrangements of the cytokine receptor gene CRLF2; rearrangements of ABL1, JAK2, and PDGFRB; and mutations of JAK1 and JAK2. Whole-genome sequencing has also identified novel targets of mutation in aggressive T-lineage ALL, including hematopoietic regulators (ETV6 and RUNX1), tyrosine kinases, and epigenetic regulators. Challenges for the future are to comprehensively identify and experimentally validate all genetic alterations driving leukemogenesis and treatment failure in childhood and adult ALL and to implement genomic profiling into the clinical setting to guide risk stratification and targeted therapy. |
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1Hematological Malignancies Program, and |
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1520-4383 |
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PMID:23233609 |
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CBM.UAM @ ccobaleda @ |
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234 |
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Saito, A.; Takayama, Y.; Moriguchi, H.; Kotani, K.; Jimbo, Y. |
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Developmental effects of low frequency magnetic fields on P19-derived neuronal cells |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Conference Proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference |
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc |
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2009 |
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5942-5945 |
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Cell Differentiation/*radiation effects; Cell Line; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electromagnetic Fields; Humans; Nerve Net/*cytology/*physiology/radiation effects; Neurons/*cytology/*physiology/radiation effects; Radiation Dosage |
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Modulation of pluripotent stem cell differentiation by several environmental factors, such as physical stimulation, is important theme in tissue engineering. In this study, we report the effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) exposure (1 mT or 10 mT, 50 Hz, sinusoidal) on the neuronal differentiation process of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells (P19 cells). Here, during induction of differentiation, the ELF-MFs exposed to embryoid bodies (EBs). After neuronal differentiation, the effects of ELF-MFs were evaluated by morphological analysis, immunochemical analysis (MAP2, GFAP), and the developmental neuronal network activities recorded by the micro-electrode arrays (MEAs). As a result, the percentage of MAP2 positive cells and the spike frequencies were increased by 10 mT ELF-MF, and then the percentage of GFAP positive cells were reduced. However, these effects were not seen in 1 mT exposed cells. Therefore, these results suggested that the intensity of a magnetic field was important for affecting a characteristic of neuronal differentiation and a functional neuronal network property. |
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Department of Human and Engineered Environment Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan. d097620@h.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp |
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1557-170X |
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PMID:19965063 |
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CBM.UAM @ ccobaleda @ |
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520 |
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Kaune WT, Zaffanella LE |
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Assessing historical exposures of children to power-frequency magnetic fields. |
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J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. |
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1994 |
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4 |
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149-70 |
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One risk factor for human cancer currently being studied is residential exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields. A key problem in such research is how best to use contemporaneous measurements to assess past magnetic-field exposures. The main goal of the research presented in this paper was to examine the effectiveness of various surrogate measures in predicting historical exposures and to determine if residential power consumptions and the loads served by neighborhood electric networks could be used to improve the accuracy of such predictions. Residential magnetic-field data were collected during 24-h periods in the spring of 1990 and, again, in the winter of 1990-1991 for 35 children living in Western Massachusetts and Northern California. Measurements included spot magnetic fields in rooms occupied by subjects for an average of one or more hours per day, 24-h recordings at locations selected to emphasize ground-current and power-line fields, personal exposures, wire codes, residential power consumptions, and loads served by neighborhood electric networks. The geometric means of time-weighted-averaged (TWA) room spot magnetic fields measured during earlier and later visits to each home were 0.052 microT and 0.060 microT, respectively. Geometric-mean personal exposures for these visits were 0.084 microT and 0.111 microT and were significantly larger. Wertheimer-Leeper wire codes were associated with exposure. These codes, TWA spot fields, and the 24-h averages of the magnetic-field recordings taken to emphasize power-line contributions were about equally effective in explaining between-home variability in personal exposures measured eight months in the past or future. In contrast, personal exposure measurements were ineffective surrogates for past or future exposure. The study yielded little evidence suggesting that residential power consumption or neighborhood electric power flow are helpful in explaining temporal changes in personal exposure. |
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CNR-ISIB @ paolo.ravazzani @ |
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147 |
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Plotnikov, A.; Zehorai, E.; Procaccia, S.; Seger, R. |
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The MAPK cascades: signaling components, nuclear roles and mechanisms of nuclear translocation |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Biochimica et Biophysica Acta |
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Biochim Biophys Acta |
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1813 |
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9 |
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1619-1633 |
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Active Transport, Cell Nucleus/genetics/*physiology; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly/physiology; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Immediate-Early; Humans; MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics/*physiology; Models, Biological; Nuclear Localization Signals/physiology; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/physiology; Stress, Physiological; Transcription Factors/physiology |
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The MAPK cascades are central signaling pathways that regulate a wide variety of stimulated cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and stress response. Therefore, dysregulation, or improper functioning of these cascades, is involved in the induction and progression of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and developmental abnormalities. Many of these physiological, and pathological functions are mediated by MAPK-dependent transcription of various regulatory genes. In order to induce transcription and the consequent functions, the signals transmitted via the cascades need to enter the nucleus, where they may modulate the activity of transcription factors and chromatin remodeling enzymes. In this review, we briefly cover the composition of the MAPK cascades, as well as their physiological and pathological functions. We describe, in more detail, many of the important nuclear activities of the MAPK cascades, and we elaborate on the mechanisms of ERK1/2 translocation into the nucleus, including the identification of their nuclear translocation sequence (NTS) binding to the shuttling protein importin7. Overall, the nuclear translocation of signaling components may emerge as an important regulatory layer in the induction of cellular processes, and therefore, may serve as targets for therapeutic intervention in signaling-related diseases such as cancer and diabetes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Regulation of Signaling and Cellular Fate through Modulation of Nuclear Protein Import. |
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Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Isreal |
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0006-3002 |
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WP5 In vitro |
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PMID:21167873 |
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CBM.UAM @ ccobaleda @ |
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65 |
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