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Alonso, A., Bahillo, A., Rosa, R. d. l., Carrera, A., Duran, R. J., & Fernandez, P. (2012). Measurement procedure to assess exposure to extremely low-frequency fields: a primary school case study. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 151(3), 426–436.
Abstract: How to correctly measure the exposure of general public to extremely low-frequency (ELF) radiation is a key issue for ELF epidemiological studies. This paper proposes a measurement procedure to accurately assess the exposure of people to electric and magnetic field in the frequency band from 5 Hz to 100 kHz in buildings and their premises. As ELF radiation could be particularly harmful to children, the measurement procedure is focused on exposure to ELF in schools. Thus, the students' exposure to ELF fields can be assessed by correlating the ELF measurements to the hours of school activity. In this paper, the measurement protocol was applied to study the ELF exposure on students from Garcia Quintana primary school in Valladolid, Spain. The campaign of measurements for ELF exposure assessment in this primary school was of great interest for the Regional Council of Public Health because of the social alarm generated by the presence of a significant number cancer cases in children.
Keywords: Exposure; Extremely low-frequency fields; Measurement; Exposure measurements
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Alpar, D., Wren, D., Ermini, L., Mansur, M. B., van Delft, F. W., Bateman, C. M., et al. (2014). Clonal origins of ETV6-RUNX1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia: studies in monozygotic twins. Leukemia, .
Abstract: Studies on twins with concordant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have revealed that ETV6-RUNX1 gene fusion is a common, pre-natal genetic event with other driver aberrations occurring subclonally and probably post-natally. The fetal cell type that is transformed by ETV6-RUNX1 is not identified by such studies or by the analysis of early B-cell lineage phenotype of derived progeny. Ongoing, clonal immunoglobulin (IG) and cross-lineage T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements are features of B-cell precursor leukemia and commence at the pro-B-cell stage of normal B-cell lineage development. We reasoned that shared clonal rearrangements of IG or TCR genes by concordant ALL in twins would be informative about the fetal cell type in which clonal advantage is elicited by ETV6-RUNX1. Five pairs of twins were analyzed for all varieties of IG and TCR gene rearrangements. All pairs showed identical incomplete or complete V(D)J junctions coupled with substantial, subclonal and divergent rearrangements. This pattern was endorsed by single cell genetic scrutiny in one twin pair. Our data suggest that the pre-leukemic initiating function of ETV6-RUNX1 fusion is associated with clonal expansion early in the fetal B-cell lineage.Leukemia accepted article preview online, 12 November 2014. doi:10.1038/leu.2014.322.
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Alsaeed, I., Al-Somali, F., Sakhnini, L., Aljarallah, O. S., Hamdan, R. M. M., Bubishate, S. A., et al. (2014). Autism-relevant social abnormalities in mice exposed perinatally to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. Int J Dev Neurosci, 37, 58–64.
Abstract: The incidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been rising, but the causes of ASD remain largely unidentified. Collective data have implicated the increased human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the increasing incidence of ASD. There are established biological effects of extremely low-frequency (ELF) EMF, but the relation to ASD is not investigated enough. In this study we examined the effects of perinatal exposure to ELF EMF on some ASD-relevant behavioral parameters in mice. The EMF was delivered via a Helmholtz coil pair. Male BALB/C mice were used and divided into exposed and control groups (n=8 and n=9, respectively). Tests were used to assess sociability, preference for social novelty, locomotion, anxiety, exploratory behavior, motor coordination, and olfaction. The examined mice were all males and exposed to EMF during the last week of gestation and for 7 days after delivery. The exposed mice demonstrated a lack of normal sociability and preference for social novelty while maintaining normal anxiety-like behavior, locomotion, motor coordination, and olfaction. Exposed mice also demonstrated decreased exploratory activity. We concluded that these results are supportive of the hypothesis of a causal link between exposure to ELF-EMF and ASD; however, replications of the study with further tests are recommended.
Keywords: Anxiety; Autism spectrum disorder; Electromagnetic field; Motor coordination; Perinatal exposure; Social novelty
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Alvarez-Rodriguez, Y., Rivas, L., Rius, C., & Valladares, Y. (1985). White light-electromagnetic field interaction causes a localized destruction of cultured HeLa cells. Cancer Lett, 29(3), 331–338.
Abstract: Filming of cultured HeLa cells using time-lapse cinevideomicrography techniques, with exposure to an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field allowed the direct observation of a localized cellular destruction process caused by a white light-electromagnetic field interaction. This phenomenon was not observed with normal human fibroblasts.
Keywords: Cell Count; Cell Cycle; Cell Survival; *Electromagnetic Fields; *Electromagnetic Phenomena; Fibroblasts; HeLa Cells/pathology; Humans; Light
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Anderson, K., Lutz, C., van Delft, F. W., Bateman, C. M., Guo, Y., Colman, S. M., et al. (2011). Genetic variegation of clonal architecture and propagating cells in leukaemia. Nature, 469(7330), 356–361.
Abstract: Little is known of the genetic architecture of cancer at the subclonal and single-cell level or in the cells responsible for cancer clone maintenance and propagation. Here we have examined this issue in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in which the ETV6-RUNX1 gene fusion is an early or initiating genetic lesion followed by a modest number of recurrent or 'driver' copy number alterations. By multiplexing fluorescence in situ hybridization probes for these mutations, up to eight genetic abnormalities can be detected in single cells, a genetic signature of subclones identified and a composite picture of subclonal architecture and putative ancestral trees assembled. Subclones in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia have variegated genetics and complex, nonlinear or branching evolutionary histories. Copy number alterations are independently and reiteratively acquired in subclones of individual patients, and in no preferential order. Clonal architecture is dynamic and is subject to change in the lead-up to a diagnosis and in relapse. Leukaemia propagating cells, assayed by serial transplantation in NOD/SCID IL2Rgamma(null) mice, are also genetically variegated, mirroring subclonal patterns, and vary in competitive regenerative capacity in vivo. These data have implications for cancer genomics and for the targeted therapy of cancer.
Keywords: Animals; Clone Cells/metabolism/*pathology; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics; DNA Mutational Analysis; Disease Progression; Genetic Variation/*genetics; Genotype; Humans; Immunophenotyping; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit/deficiency/genetics; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Mice, SCID; Neoplasm Transplantation; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/*genetics/*pathology
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