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Nießner, C., Denzau, S., Gross, J. C., Peichl, L., Bischof, H. - J., Fleissner, G., et al. (2011). Avian Ultraviolet/Violet Cones Identified as Probable Magnetoreceptors. PLoS ONE, 6(5), e20091.
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Luukkonen, J., Liimatainen, A., Hoyto, A., Juutilainen, J., & Naarala, J. (2011). Pre-exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields modifies menadione-induced genotoxic effects in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One, 6(3), e18021.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) are generated by power lines and various electric appliances. They have been classified as possibly carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, but a mechanistic explanation for carcinogenic effects is lacking. A previous study in our laboratory showed that pre-exposure to ELF MF altered cancer-relevant cellular responses (cell cycle arrest, apoptosis) to menadione-induced DNA damage, but it did not include endpoints measuring actual genetic damage. In the present study, we examined whether pre-exposure to ELF MF affects chemically induced DNA damage level, DNA repair rate, or micronucleus frequency in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Exposure to 50 Hz MF was conducted at 100 microT for 24 hours, followed by chemical exposure for 3 hours. The chemicals used for inducing DNA damage and subsequent micronucleus formation were menadione and methyl methanesulphonate (MMS). Pre-treatment with MF enhanced menadione-induced DNA damage, DNA repair rate, and micronucleus formation in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Although the results with MMS indicated similar effects, the differences were not statistically significant. No effects were observed after MF exposure alone. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm our previous findings showing that pre-exposure to MFs as low as 100 microT alters cellular responses to menadione, and show that increased genotoxicity results from such interaction. The present findings also indicate that complementary data at several chronological points may be critical for understanding the MF effects on DNA damage, repair, and post-repair integrity of the genome.
Keywords: Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival/drug effects; *DNA Damage; DNA Repair/drug effects; Humans; *Magnetics; Methyl Methanesulfonate/toxicity; Micronucleus Tests; Mutagens/*toxicity; Neuroblastoma/*pathology; Vitamin K 3/*toxicity
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Gawad, C., Koh, W., & Quake, S. R. (2014). Dissecting the clonal origins of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia by single-cell genomics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 111(50), 17947–17952.
Abstract: Many cancers have substantial genomic heterogeneity within a given tumor, and to fully understand that diversity requires the ability to perform single cell analysis. We performed targeted sequencing of a panel of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), deletions, and IgH sequences in 1,479 single tumor cells from six acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. By accurately segregating groups of cooccurring mutations into distinct clonal populations, we identified codominant clones in the majority of patients. Evaluation of intraclonal mutation patterns identified clone-specific punctuated cytosine mutagenesis events, showed that most structural variants are acquired before SNVs, determined that KRAS mutations occur late in disease development but are not sufficient for clonal dominance, and identified clones within the same patient that are arrested at varied stages in B-cell development. Taken together, these data order the sequence of genetic events that underlie childhood ALL and provide a framework for understanding the development of the disease at single-cell resolution.
Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; clonal evolution; cytosine mutagenesis; intratumor heterogeneity; single-cell genomics
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Maeda, K., Neil, S. R. T., Henbest, K. B., Weber, S., Schleicher, E., Hore, P. J., et al. (2011). Following Radical Pair Reactions in Solution: A Step Change in Sensitivity Using Cavity Ring-Down Detection. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133(44), 17807–17815.
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Bock, J., Fukuyo, Y., Kang, S., Phipps, M. L., Alexandrov, L. B., Rasmussen, K. Ã. ˜., et al. (2010). Mammalian Stem Cells Reprogramming in Response to Terahertz Radiation. PLoS ONE, 5(12), e15806.
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