|
Boga, A., Emre, M., Sertdemir, Y., Akillioglu, K., Binokay, S., & Demirhan, O. (2015). The effect of 900 and 1800MHz GSM-like radiofrequency irradiation and nicotine sulfate administration on the embryonic development of Xenopus laevis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 113(May 2010), 378–390.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GSM-like radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF EMR) and nicotine sulfate (NS) exposure on Xenopus embryonic development.The developmental effects of GSM-like RF-EMR (900–1800 MHz, at a SAR value of 1 W/kg and NS on Xenopus laevis embryos were investigated). Following the application of radiofrequency radiation and/or NS administration, the embryos were closely examined in order to determine their possible teratogenic effects. Xenopus frogs obtained from the Department of Physiology of the Cukurova University, in accordance described by the Standard Guide of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Following the exposure of Xenopus embryos to RF-EMR at 900 and 1800 MHz (1.0 W/kg) for 4, 6 and 8 h; the whole body specific energy absorption rate (SAR) of the embryos was calculated. With the exception of irradiation at 1800 MHz no dramatic developmental anomalies were observed in the Xenopus embryos in association with RF-EMR applications. Combined RF-EMR and NS applications resulted in dramatic abnormalities and death among the Xenopus embryos. The study results indicated that GSM-like RF-EMR (e.g. radiation from cell phones) was not as harmful to Xenopus embryos as might have been expected. However, the combined effects of GSM-like RF-EMR and NS on Xenopus embryos were more severe than the effect of RF-EMR or NS alone. In conclusion, the study results appear to suggest that the combined use of nicotine and cell phones might result in more pronounced detrimental effects on the health of smokers.
Keywords: GSM-like radiofrequency radiation; Nicotine sulfate; Teratogenicity; Xenopus laevis; gsm-like radiofrequency radiation
|
|
|
Tang, J., Zhang, Y., Yang, L., Chen, Q., Tan, L., Zuo, S., et al. (2015). Exposure to 900MHz electromagnetic fields activates the mkp-1/ERK pathway and causes blood-brain barrier damage and cognitive impairment in rats. Brain Research, 1601(30), 92–101.
Keywords: Blood brain barrier; Electromagnetic field; albumin extravasation; electromagnetic fi eld; mkp-1/ERK pathway; spatial memory
|
|
|
Glushkova, O. V., Khrenov, M. O., Novoselova, T. V., Lunin, S. M., Parfenyuk, S. B., Alekseev, S. I., et al. (2015). The role of the NF-κB, SAPK/JNK, and TLR4 signalling pathways in the responses of RAW 264.7 cells to extremely low-intensity microwaves. International Journal of Radiation Biology, , 1–8.
|
|
|
Hou, Q., Wang, M., Wu, S., Ma, X., An, G., Liu, H., et al. (2015). Oxidative changes and apoptosis induced by 1800-MHz electromagnetic radiation in NIH/3T3 cells. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 34, 85–92.
Keywords: 1800-mhz; apoptosis; dna damage; mobile; phone radiation; ros
|
|
|
Masoudian, N., Riazi, G. H., Afrasiabi, A., Modaresi, S. M. S., Dadras, A., Rafiei, S., et al. (2015). Variations of Glutamate Concentration Within Synaptic Cleft in the Presence of Electromagnetic Fields: An Artificial Neural Networks Study. Neurochemical research, .
Abstract: Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that is released by the majority of central nervous system synapses and is involved in developmental processes, cognitive functions, learning and memory. Excessive elevated concentrations of Glu in synaptic cleft results in neural cell apoptosis which is called excitotoxicity causing neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, we investigated the possibility of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) as a risk factor which is able to change Glu concentration in synaptic clef. Synaptosomes as a model of nervous terminal were exposed to ELF-EMF for 15-55 min in flux intensity range from 0.1 to 2 mT and frequency range from 50 to 230 Hz. Finally, all raw data by INForm v4.02 software as an artificial neural network program was analyzed to predict the effect of whole mentioned range spectra. The results showed the tolerance of all effects between the ranges from -35 to +40 % compared to normal state when glutamatergic systems exposed to ELF-EMF. It indicates that glutamatergic system attempts to compensate environmental changes though release or reuptake in order to keep the system safe. Regarding to the wide range of ELF-EMF acquired in this study, the obtained outcomes have potential for developing treatments based on ELF-EMF for some neurological diseases; however, in vivo experiments on the cross linking responses between glutamatergic and cholinergic systems in the presence of ELF-EMF would be needed.
Keywords: anns; glutamate á excitotoxicity á; hplc; neural networks; neurodegenerative diseases á elf-emf; performance liquid chromatography; á artificial; á high
|
|